Improvement in locomotive steam-engines



ww-aeeeaew man ROBERT ERANO-IS FAIRLIE, O F" LONDON, ENGLAND.

Letters Patent No. 85,07 6, dotted December 22, 1868; patented in England, Nonmber 14, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOCOMOTIVE STEM-EN GINES.

HOM- VThe Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

T o all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LRQBERT Finnois FAIRLIE, of London, England, civil engineer, have invented or discovered certain Improvements in the Construction of Locomotive-Engines, and in combining passenger or goods-compartments therewith; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, true, and exact description thereof', reference being had to the drawings hereunto annexed; that is to say The object of' my invention is to so construct the main connecting or carrier-frame of the locomotive-em' gines, for' which I obtained Letters Patent on the 16th day of January, 1866, No. 52,117, that the boiler: may be dropped into its place, and remain there without any fastening, except bolts in the angle-irons, hereafter described, and have no connection with the bogie fram- The frame, which I propose -to call-fthe carrier orA cradle-frame, is a rigid body from-'end to end, supported on two bogies or swivel-frames, and is made of suicient strength'towithstand all tensile'strain or shocks Afrom one bogie-frame to the other, and to maintain a true relativel position of one bogie to the other, as if the whole Wereof one solid mass, at the same time permitting'free swivelling-action of the bogie-frames quiteiindependent of each other.

Sometimes' I employ coupling-frames between the bugie-frames, as described in my vformer specification, to'give additional strength, or to allow of the carrierframe being made lighter. The coupling-frames pass below the carrier-frame.

The carrier-frame is furnished with two Strong steel pins, which extend downwards, and tit into curved slotsY in the end of each bogie next the fire-box, the said slots being struck from the centre ofthe bogie-i'rames.

Elastic packing, between steel plates, may be interposed between the bottom of the carrier-frame and the top of the bogie-'ames, vand between the bottom of the .bogie-frames and the nuts on the pins, just mentioned, to prevent shocks being transmitted to lthe boiler.

The bogies have all the working-parts otl theengines and the brake-apparatus attached,to them.

When a boiler with a single set of tubes is employed, I erect over the cylinrh'ical part thereof, and on the carrier-frame, before described, a strong, roofed framework, to form either a tank or a wagon-body, for the reception of merchandise, or luggage, or ,anyl matter or thing requiring to be transported; and upon the afterpart of the same frame the body of a carriageis erected,

in the form of a saloon, or any other form, to suit the convenience or taste of the builders or users thereof, I

which may be divided longitudinally or transversely into compartments; or there may be two or more compartments 0r floors built over each other, forming so many stories, which, in turn, may be divided or subdivided, to suit the exigeneies of the traffic, or the classes of persons to be carried.

lInstead of a carriage, for the conveyance of passengers, a large Wagon, for ordinary live-stock or goods, or brake-van body, or a tank may be erected, for conveying waterto towns, or for the accommodation of4 troops, or other purpose.

The spaces between the main plates of the carrierframe may be formed into tanks orwater-reservoirs,

for the supply of the locomotive, or other pnrpose,.

winch may be covered in, so as to form seats for passengers, or otherwise, as convenience and the class of vehicle to be erected may dictate. 5

vThe carrier or cradle-frame is so constructed that the'ffr -box portion of the boiierpasses through it,unt`il the angle-irons, which are riveted along each side of the lire-box shell for this object, obtain a bearing, and

vrest on the top of `the carrier-haine. That portion of the carrier-frame extending under the barrel of the boiler is made of a concave form suitable to the circumference of the boiler, which rests on the concave y part of the frameas in a cradle, the boiler being thus thoroughly supported at allparts, yet 4iee to move by expansion or contraction ill any direction. v

The angle-irons, just described, may be firmly bolted to the carrier-frame at each side of the fire-box shell, midway of its length, the point from which expansion would commence outwards towards each end. Additional bolts may also be put in these angle-irons and carrier-frame, extending from the centre-bolt to the ends ofthe fangle-irons, the bolt-holes being made oblong, graduating from the centre outwards to about three-eighths of an inch at the outside bolt, beyond its diameter, to permit of free expansion.

The foot-plate, for the driven may be placed ina line with or over a portion of the top ofthe-boiler, or it may be placed in the usual position behind the tirebox, piti-1 the means of looking out ahead at the top and atthe sides, 'or withveither.

The/ibot-plate -for` the Stoker` o1' iireman is placed, as usual, with coal-bunkers convenient on each side of him, to enable him readily to feed his fire.

The coal-space is arranged partly under the drlvers loot-plate and on either side of the boiler.

The steam-pipes pass from the steam-dome, in the usual manner, to the frames near the cylinders., where they are connected to T-shaped pipes, the arms of the T being curved toa radius struck from the centre of the bogie-pin, and are free to-'slide in the ends of the steam-chests, these last-mentioned pipes being itted `with stung-lioxesgand glands, to prevent escape of steam at the joints. Y

From the construction of the frame, as before explained, great rigidity and strength can be given to it; it in fact forms a girder between the two bugie-centres, through which the whole force of one bogie-truck is transmitted to the other. Any required space may therefore be left between the two trucks for the lireboX, which may consequently be made of any desired size. A greater heating-surface is thus obtained, and the length or size of the boiler can be increased.

' By the arrangement above described, I am enabled to combine a locomotive, a fuel-carrier, a passengercarriage, suitable for three classes of passengers, all in one door, or in two or more tl'oors placed one over the other, and a luggage-truck on thesame flaming, the

laid on ordina-ry roads; or for light passenger-trame,

not requiring so much adhesion, the power may he applied to one bogie-truck only.

By making that portion of the carrierfra1ne` upon which the.passenger-carriages would be erected, as described, into a frame exactly similar to that in which the boiler rests, a double-barrelled boiler may be used. The two boiler-barrels are attached, in the usual manner, to a central fire-box Vcasing or shell, into which two distinct re-boxes are place-ih or one large box maybe used, with a transverse water-partition across its centre, thus forming two separate boxes, the products of combustion from these tire-boxes being compelled to pass through the tubes in the barrel connected with each box, and therefore keeping the draughts ii'om the two boxes entirely distinctand separate from each other.

The boilers may he furnished with tunnels, andstearn and exhaust-pipes at each end of the locomotive, or

return-tubes or fines may be fitted in the steam-space over the fire-box, so as to lead the products of comhustion back through the boiler to one. central funnel, as described in my first patent.

Carriage-bodies, for passengers, or truck-bodies, for luggage or merchandise, may be tted on the frame and carried up above the boilers in a similar manner to the truck for merchandise or luggage before described.

My invention will be fully understood by the 'accom- .panying drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, showing my -rigid carrier or cradle-frame, with a boiler and fuel and waterbunkers or tanks placed thereon.

Figure 2 is a plan of the cariier-frame by itself.

A A are the carrier-frame,which, as before mentioned, is a rigid body from end to end.

It is supported on two bogics or swivel-frames, the centres of which are indicated at the points marked B B.

C is the boiler, which is dropped into the frame A.

The-frame A is so constructed that the re-box portion C' of the boiler passes through it, as seen in iig. 1, until the angle-irons, riveted along each side of the fire-box, shall rest upon the top of the frame A, and may be bolted thereto, as before described. That portion of the frame A which extends under the barrel of the boiler, is concave, to receive the barrel as in a cdle. The boiler is thus thoroughly supported at all parts, yet free to move, byekpausion or contraction, in any direction.

D is the fuel-bunker, which is dropped or placed upon the after part of the i'ame Al In figs. 3 `to 6,-I show the mode in which I combine a compartment for merchandise or luggage and a passenger-carriage with my rigid carrier-frame.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section;

Figure 4, a horizontal section, partly through 11m line l- -1 and partly through the line 2-2 of' iig. 3;

Figure 5 is a transverse section through the line 3-3; and

Figure 6, a transveise section through the line 4 4 Theseigures also show the bogies and-the lockingapparatus; also the spaces for containing a supply of water.

A A are the carrierffian'ie.

B B, the bogies.

G, the boiler.

EE, the locking-apparatus for the bogies.

F is a strong, roofed frame-work, forming a compartment, for luggage or merchandise.

Gr is a carriage, erected on the after part of the frame A. It is divided longitudinally into two compartments. It has also built over it a second carriage, H, which may also be divided longitudinally.

The spaces I I, between the main plates of the frame A A, form water-reservoirs, to supply the locomotive, or otherwise. AThey are covered in, and form the seats for the passengers in the carriage Gg, as clearly seen in fig. 6. They also form the foot-plates for the driver and stoker.

Figure 7 is a detached view, showing an arrangement for preventing violent jolting or concussion.

Instead of the boiler and carriages resting direct-ly upon the rigid eanier-tiame A, they carry springs, a, on their under side, which bear upon other springs, b, on thc bogies, which -lattcr springs may bear upon the axle-boxes c, a plate, d, being fitted between every pair of springs ay b, to allow for the swivelling motion of the bogies.

Figs. 8 to 11 represent a double-barrelled boilerv .at the rebox end.

There is one re-b0x, K, with a transverse water-v partition, L, which forms, as it were, two fire-boxes, from which the products of combustion pass through the tubes of the respective barrels C C.

There `is a passenger-carriage, G, erected above each barrel.

Figures 12 and 13 represent the manner in which a double-barrclled boiler (without passenger-compara ments) is mounted on a rigid carrier-frame, A.

The fire-boxes are bayed or recessed at each side, (or they may be bayed at one side only,) as seen at M M, to give more standing-room for the driver and the stoker, and to facilitate the supply of fuel to the fire. The fuel may be fed from both sides or from either side.

Figure 14 represents springs, a. a, on the under side ofthe boiler, andresting directly upon the frame A, and with the same object as before described in ref'- erence to the springs shown in iig. 7.

- In `rigs. 12 and 13, N N are 4apertures at the sides, through which 'the fuel is fed.

'In Figure 15 I represent a novel mode of feeding the fuel at the top, through apertures O O in the dome, these apertures being provided with doors.

Figure 16 is a horizontal section of the dome.

VVha-t I/claim as myinveution, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The rigid carrier or cradle-frame A7 supported ou the bogies or swivel-frames B, to which the engines are attached, the said frames being constructed sub` stantially in manner herein described and shown.

2. lThe combination of the rigid flame, bogie-fiames, anda coupling-flame between the bogies, as and for the purpose herein described.

3. The combination, with the rigid frame A and bo:

gies B, of the'boiler C, which is dropped intoits place" 5. The combination, with the rigid frame A, bogies B, and engines mounted thereon, and boiler C, ofthe luggage or merel:alldisc-compartment F, substantially as herein deserilwd and shown.

6. The combination, with the rigid frame A, bogies B supporting the engines, and boiler C, of the passen:

ger-carriages G H substantially as herein described I and shown.

7. The combination, with the rigid frame bOgieS B, and boilers C, of the water-spaces I I, substantially as `herein described and shown. y

8. The combination, with the rigid ti'ame A and bogies 13, supporting the engines, of the springs a and b, substantially as herein described and shown.

9. The combination, with the rigid f'iame A and bogies 13 of a double-barreiled boiler, the fire-boxes of which are fed through apertures O O in the donie, substantially as herein described and shown. In witness whereof, I, the said ROBERT FRANCIS FAIRLIE, have hereunto set my haudthis 9th day of April, 1868. v

ROBT F. FAIRLIE. Witnesses:

THos J. SMITH, 166 Fleet Street London, I. C. NEwBUns, 166 Fleet Sn-vet, London. l. 

